Arrangement for determining the orientation and value of dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole



Dec.' 27, 1938. M. SCHLUMBERGER 2,141,828

ARRANGEMENT FOR DETERMINTNG THE ORIENTATION AND VALUE 0F DIP oF THE BEDS TRAVERSED BTA BoRE HOLE Filed April 21, 1957 //0 f5 l f Patented Dec. 27,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ABRANGEMENT FOR DETERMINING THE ORIENTATION AND VALUE F DIP 0F THE BEDS TRAVERSED BY A BOBE HOLE Marcel Schlumberger, Paris, France, assignor to Socit de Prospection Electrique, Procds ilumberger, Paris, France, a corporation of nce Application April 21, 1937, Serial No. 138,261 In France April 25, 1936 9 Claims. (Cl. Z55-1) It is possible in certain cases, as is known, to this tool at the instant at which it is projec recognize on cores, that is samples taken from into the rock to take the core. the rocks traversed by a bore hole, traces of the Apparatus for taking cores is already known plane of stratification of these rocks. Proposals which the coring. tool is endowed with a sim have been made to make use of this fact to determovement of translation and so acts as a puni mine the orientation of dip of the beds traversed ing tool. In my United States of America Pat by the bore hole, that is the direction of the line No. 2,055,506, a description was given in pari of greatest slope in these beds and the direction ular of an arrangement for taking cores in wh in which they dip, as also if required the value the coring tool is projected into the rock b: 10 of the dip, that is the angle between the plane kind of gun to which nevertheless it remains of the beds and the horizontal. tached by a flexible connection so that thereb: Several means have already been proposed for can be extracted from the rock by simple tens this purpose which all utilize apparatus for takexerted on the gun itself. Since this tool ha ing cores comprising a. hollow tool for penetratsimple movement of translation and when it l l5 ing the rocks like a milling cutter by a combined entered the rock the core it has taken can: rotary and forward movement. In order subseturn, it is suiiicient to know the initial posit quently to use the cores so taken to determine 0f the tool in the gun to be able to determ the characteristics of the strata dip it is necessary without difficulty when the core has been brow iirst to know or determine the inclination and to the surface of the ground the position s 2o orientation of the coring tool during the taking orientation it had in the bore hole. To knowt of the core and then to determine the position initial position of the tool in the gun this initially occupied by the core at the actual inrangement for taking cores will be combined vi stant when the coring tool commenced to enter an orientation arrangement of known type, cc the rock; for, due to the rotary movement oi.' priSing fOr inStence a Spirit level and e ccmll this tool, the core itself commences to turn in which are photographed during the taking this tool. The determination of the orientation the core. of the coring tool is in general effected without The orientation arrangement comprising dimculty by means of photographic apparatus instance photographic apparatus Serving t0 D? for instance, which at the instant at which the tosraph the compass and the spirit level 1S p1 core is taken photographs a spirit level and a erably connectedtc the gun by yielding meen compass (magnetic or gyroscopic). The detercbviete injury When the ShOt iS lredmination of the initial position of the core is on On the other hand the lighting up 0f the el the other hand more delicate. One of the methtric bulb serving t0 impress the Sensitive Pl ods proposed for this determination consists in (where such a plate iS used) iS preferably ceu tracing on the rock before taking the core a by the passage 0f the Seme current that iS u reference mark de-centered in relation to the t0 heat the electric Wire Serving to ignite the D1 axis of the core; but this requires a rather comder and thus to discharge the coring tool. -plicated mechanical arrangement. It has like.. Other characteristics of the invention will i wise been proposed for overcoming the difllculty Dear in the Source 0f the fOllcWngdeScript to take several cores in different directions, a The accompanying drawing ShOWS by, Way

comparison of these cores then making it possible nOn-limiting example en embodiment 0f to get over the indeterminateness caused by the present invention and therein rotation of each core in its tool. Figure 1 is a vertical section partly diagra The present invention makes it possible to maticel 0f an arrangement according t0 the overcome these various disadvantages and to Venticndetermine the characteristics of dip of the beds Figure 2 ShOWS likewise in Vertical Section by means of a single core without the necessity a larger Scale e detail 0f Figure 1, and of tracing a reference mark in advance on this Figure 31S a diagram Showing the photogre core, ic record obtained by the apparatus of Figur( The apparatus constituting the invention conand 2- sists essentially in the combination of apparatus Referring to Figure 1 the casing or body I for taking cores comprising a coring tool acting the apparatus to be lowered into the borehol as a punching tool with means making it possuspended for instance by a cable 2 compri: sible by photography or otherwise to register inan insulated electric conductor 8 which serve: dications of the orientation and inclination of actuate the apparatus.

.enotes the projectile intended to take the It may be formed, as shown, of a tube l at its rear end and located in a correling hollow of the casing I constituting the of the gun. This projectile is for example l at its front end by a plate I4 which breaks the impact of the projectile against the wall e bore hole in the operation of taking a le. enotes the powder chamber located around :ar part of the projectile. nd 6 denote the cables serving to connect rojectile to the apparatus after the former een discharged. These cables are, for the if clarity, shown as placed above and below ojectile. Actually they are preferably placed ily. These cables are fixed tothe proz by means of lugs 'I for example, and they )ng enough for the projectile, after With- Ll from the rock by tension on the assembly by means of the cable 2 to remain l rided below the casing of the apparatus.

a insulated current supply lead 8 located in able 2 terminates in the chamber l in a 9, which, being imbedded in the explosive shown) in chamber 4, heats up when the it passes and deflagrates said explosive. )ther end of the fuse 8 is connected to a Lctor I0, likewise insulated in the casing of pparatus for a purpose which will be ex- :d later.

leath the apparatus just described the ori- 'Lon is screwed or otherwise attached. It rises a. metallic tube I 2. for instance of brass ninish any magnetic disturbance, which is ed to the base of the casing I. Its lower s closed by a plate I3 likewise of brass. a tube I2 is a metal rod I6 screwed into the g I and carrying at its lower end the body e orientation device proper, completely ind within tube I2. The object of this resilietallic rod I6 is to dampen the shock caused e firing of the charge, which might othere liable to injure the orientation device.

e latter comprises as an essential feature a I1, like thoseused in pocket iiash lamps, ed to the base of a metal cage I8 and coni electrically to the conductor I0. Above ulb in the cage rI8 is the spirit level and iss assembly, shown separately in Figure 2. issembly is composed of a metal cylinder I9, ample, closed at its lower end by a flat glass and at its upper part by a plano-concave ide the box thus formed is a support 22 .ng on a pivot 23 a magnetized needle 24. `m 25 prevents the magnetized needle from lg its pivot. The box contains a suitable which lls it entirely except for a bubble 21, which constitutes the bubble of the level lg over the concave face of the plano-conlens 2I. On the upper face of this lens at )laced the photographic emulsion 28 (paper, or film) which is to record the orientation. a operation is as follows:

en the apparatus has been lowered into the noie to the desired depth an electric current t into the conductor 8. This current passes gh the wire 9 and continuing by conductor ignites the electric bulb I 1, thence by the is passes to the frame of the apparatus and e through the mud in which the apparatus mersed to ground, whereby the circuit is l. Accordingly the passage of this current s simultaneously:

Firstly, the deiiagration of the explosive and the expulsion of the projectile 3,

Secondly, the ignition of the bulb I'I and consequently the impression of the photographic emulsion 28 which records by means of the projected shadow (Figure 3):

(a) the position of the magnetized needle 24, giving the orientation of the apparatus in the bore hole,

(b) the position of the support 25 of this needle, which constitutes a reference mark giving for instance the direction of the gun axis,

(c) the inclination and orientation of the bore hole if inclined by means of the bubble 2'I of the level.

It is thus possible to deduce from it exactly the position and orientation of thegun on the flring of the projectile. 'I'he latter moves parallel to itself and if the position of the lugs 1, for example, has been determined before firing the shot it is possible to determine exactly at what inclination and orientation the projectile has penetrated the Wall of the bore hole. If it is possible then to recognize cn the core found inside the tubular projectile 3 the planes of stratification of the beds, the orientation and direction of this straticatlon can be deduced therefrom and eventually the angle they make with the vertical, that is the orientation, the direction and if applicable the value of the dip.

Of course many modifications may be made in the apparatus just described without going beyond the scope of the present invention.

In particular the coring apparatus could comprise several guns one above another.

Further the coring apparatus could be arranged to fire projectiles not only horizontally but equallywell in any oblique direction or even vertically.

Moreover the flexible suspension of the orientation apparatus could be constituted in any other manner. Instead of the .flexible rod a rubber suspension could for instance be provided.

What I claim is:

1. Apparatus for determining the orientation and value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool carrier, means for lowering the carrier into the bore hole, a coring tool connected to the carrier, means for causing the coring tool to penetrate the rock surrounding the bore hole, and means integral with the support for determining he orientation of the coring tool at the instant at which it is actuated to penetrate the rock.

2. Apparatus for determining the orientation and value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool carrier, means for lowering the carrier into the bore hole, an explosion chamber for an explosive in this tool carrier, a coring tool connected to the tool carrier and placed in the explosion chamber, means for deflagrating the explosive contained in the explosion chamber, and means yieldingly connected to the tool carrier for determining the orientation of the coring tool at the instant of explosion.

3. Apparatus for determining the orientation and value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool carrier, an exploson chamber for an explosive in the tool carrier, means for lowering the carrier into the bore hole, a coring tool in the explosion chamber, electrical means for deagrating the explosive in the explosion chamber, a yielding connection between the coring tool and the tool carrier, a support yieldingly connected to the tool carrier, members in the support to mark a xed direction, and means for recording at the instant of the explosion the position of the coring tool in relation to the nxed direction.

4. Apparatus for determining the orientation and value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool carrier, an explosion chamber for an explosive in the tool carrier, means for lowering the carrier into the bore hole, a coring tool in the explosion chamber, a yielding connection between the tool carrier and the coring tool, a. hollow member yieldingly connected to the tool carrier, two compartments in this hollow member, a flat transparent plate separating the two compartments, a phoographic emulsion on the bottom of one of the compartments, a plano-concave transparent lens covering the said photographic emulsion by its flat face, a liquid illling the compartment with the exception of a bubble constituting a level bubble, a reference arm mark fixed to the wall of the compartment, a, magnetized needle at the free end of the reference arm mark, an electric bulb in the second compartment, a cable for lowering the tool carrier in the bore hole, a conducting wire in this cable, a fuse in series with this wire where it passes through the explosion chamber, a bulb at the end of this wire in the second compartment of the hollow member, a source of current and switches for causing a current to pass through the wire.

5. A device for determining the orientation and value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising means for ejecting a coring tool and forcing it into the wall of a bore hole by means of an explosive charge, and means for determining the orientation of the coring tool at the moment when the explosion takes place.

6. A device for determining the orientation and Value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool, means for ejecting said coring tool and forcing it into the wall of the bore hole through the explosion of an explosive charge, electrical means for deiiagrating the explosive charge, means for indicating the position of the coring tool, and photographic means controlled through the electrical means for deagrating the explosive charge, said photographic means serving to register the position of the coring tool at the time when the explosion takes place.

7. A device for determining the value and the orientation of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool, means for electing said coring tool and forcing it into the wall of the bore hole through the explosion of an explosive charge, electrical means for deiiagrating the explosive charge, means for indicating the position of the coring tool, and photographic means simultaneously actuated at the deagration of the explosive charge and through the electrical means for deagrating said explosive charge, said photographic means serving to register the position of the coring tool at the time when the explosion takes place. l

8. Apparatus for determining the orientation and value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool carrier, an explosion chamber for an explosive in the tool carrier, means for lowering the carrier into the bore hole, a coring tool in the explosion chamber, electrical means for deiiagrating the explosive in the explosion chamber, a member connected to the tool carrier, a reference arm mark attached to this member, a photographical emulsion on this member, and means for lighting the photographical emulsion at the time when the explosion is produced in the explosion chamber.

9. Apparatus for determining the orientation and value of the dip of the beds traversed by a bore hole comprising a coring tool carrier, an explosion chamber for an explosive in the tool carrier, means for lowering the carrier into the bore hole, a coring tool in the explosion chamber, electrical means for deagrating the explosive in the explosion chamber, a member yieldingly. connected to the tool carrier, a reference arm mark fixed to this member, a photographical emulsion on this member, and means for lighting the photographical emulsion at the time when the explosion is produced in the explosion chamber.

MARCEL SCHLUMBERGER. 

